The Effect of Tax Planning, Free Cash Flow, and Deferred Tax Expense on Earnings Management: The Moderating Role of Institutional Ownership
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24905/icobis.v2i1.112Keywords:
Tax Planning, Free Cash Flow, Deferred Tax Expense, Institutional Ownership, Earnings ManagementAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of Tax Planning, Free Cash Flow, and Deferred Tax Expense on earnings management and to investigate the ability of institutional ownership to moderate these relationships in property and real estate as well as infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2025 period. This study employed a quantitative research approach. The population consisted of all property and real estate and infrastructure companies listed on the IDX. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 47 companies observed over six years, yielding a total of 282 observations. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the assistance of SPSS version 22. The results indicate that Tax Planning has no effect on earnings management, Free Cash Flow has a negative effect on earnings management, and Deferred Tax Expense has a negative effect on earnings management. Furthermore, institutional ownership is unable to moderate the effect of Tax Planning, Free Cash Flow, or Deferred Tax Expense on earnings management. The control variables show different results: firm size has no effect on earnings management, firm age has a negative effect on earnings management, while leverage has no effect on earnings management..
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